# User SPN count should be retrievable

User accounts with ServicePrincipalName values are typically used as service accounts.

Source: https://maester.dev/docs/tests/AD-USER-14

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<div class="test-byline"><div class="test-byline-avatars"><a class="test-byline-avatar test-byline-avatar--author" href="/contributors/soulemike" title="Michael Soule · Original author"><img src="https://github.com/soulemike.png" alt="Michael Soule" width="28" height="28" loading="lazy" decoding="async" /></a></div><div class="test-byline-meta"><span class="test-byline-text">Contributed by <a href="/contributors/soulemike">Michael Soule</a></span><a class="test-byline-link" href="/contributors">All contributors →</a></div></div>

<p class="test-part">Part of <a href="/docs/tests/ad">Active Directory</a> · Active Directory · Service principal names · <a href="/docs/tests">All checks</a></p>

```powershell title="Run this check"
Invoke-Maester -TestId AD-USER-14
```

## Overview

User accounts with `ServicePrincipalName` values are typically used as service accounts. These accounts are important because they may be susceptible to Kerberoasting and often have broad or persistent access.

- **Kerberoasting exposure**: User SPNs are a common attack target
- **Service account discovery**: Helps inventory service identities in the domain
- **Hardening priority**: Supports review of password hygiene, delegation, and logon restrictions

#### Control Type

**Operational**

#### Security Recommendation

- Review every user account with an SPN and confirm it is a legitimate service account
- Prefer managed service account options where possible
- Ensure service accounts use strong credential and monitoring controls

#### How the Test Works

This test counts user objects where the `ServicePrincipalName` attribute contains one or more values.

#### Related Tests

- `Test-MtAdUserKnownServiceAccountCount` - Identifies service accounts by naming convention
- `Test-MtAdUserAdminCountCount` - Highlights protected user accounts that may need extra scrutiny

## Details

<details>
<summary>Every attribute of this check</summary>

| Field | Value |
| --- | --- |
| Test ID | AD-USER-14 |
| Severity | Info |
| Suite | Active Directory |
| Product | Active Directory |
| Feature | Service principal names |
| Area | Authentication |
| Resource type | User |
| MITRE ATT&CK | T1558.003 Kerberoasting |
| PowerShell test | [Test-MtAdUserSpnSetCount](https://github.com/maester365/maester/blob/main/tests/ad/user/Test.AD-USER-14.ps1) |
| Services | ActiveDirectory |
| Permissions | ActiveDirectory:Ldap:user:ReadProperty |

</details>

## Source

- Test: [`tests/ad/user/Test.AD-USER-14.ps1`](https://github.com/maester365/maester/blob/main/tests/ad/user/Test.AD-USER-14.ps1)
- Documentation: [`tests/ad/user/Test.AD-USER-14.md`](https://github.com/maester365/maester/blob/main/tests/ad/user/Test.AD-USER-14.md)
