AD-CFG-19 - Intermediate CA details should be retrievable

Contributed by Michael Soule with Merill FernandoAll contributors →

Overview

Intermediate CA certificates define the intermediate links used to build trust chains from trusted roots to issued certificates. If intermediate CA certificates expire, misconfigured, or unauthorized certificates are added, certificate chain validation can fail and authentication may break.

This test concentrates on intermediate CA details (including certificate validity) to help detect:

• Expired or soon-to-expire intermediate CAs that will break certificate chains
• Unexpected/unauthorized intermediates that expand who can issue certificates

Security Recommendation

• Confirm each intermediate CA certificate is part of your approved PKI hierarchy.
• Remove unauthorized intermediates and ensure only valid chain-building intermediates are retained.
• Set renewal timelines and alerting for intermediates approaching expiration.
• If you rotate intermediates, validate that dependent relying parties and AD-integrated flows continue to validate.

How the Test Works

The test enumerates intermediate CA certificates in the AD configuration context, extracts relevant identifiers (e.g., subject/issuer and thumbprint) and validity periods, and reports whether each intermediate is within the expected valid timeframe.

Related Tests

• Test-MtAdIntermediateCaCount

Test Metadata

Field	Value
Test ID	AD-CFG-19
Severity	Info
Suite	Active Directory
Category	AD.Config
PowerShell test	Test-MtAdIntermediateCaDetails
Tags	AD, AD-CFG-19, AD.Config

Source

• Pester test: tests/ad/config/Test-MtAdIntermediateCaDetails.Tests.ps1
• PowerShell source: powershell/public/ad/config/Test-MtAdIntermediateCaDetails.ps1